Leukaemias are uncommon. But they are the most common type of cancer in children. Go to our information about the different types of leukaemia. Other types of cancer are lymphomas and myeloma, They are cancers of the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system is a system of tubes and glands in the body that filters body fluid and fights infection. You can read more about the lymphatic system and how cancer may affect it. Lymphoma is cancer that starts in the lymph glands or cells of the lymphatic system.
The lymphatic system runs all through the body so lymphoma can start just about anywhere. It happens because some of the lymphatic system white blood cells lymphocytes start to divide in an abnormal way. And don't die as they should. These cells start to divide before they become fully grown mature so they can't fight infection.
The abnormal lymphocytes start to collect in the lymph nodes or other places such as the bone marrow or spleen. They can then grow into tumours. You can find out about lymphomas. Myeloma is a cancer that starts in plasma cells. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell made in the bone marrow. They produce antibodies, also called immunoglobulins, to help fight infection.
Plasma cells can become abnormal and multiply out of control. They make a type of antibody that doesn't work properly to fight infection. Cancer can start in the cells of the brain or spinal cord. The brain controls the body by sending electrical messages along nerve fibres. The fibres run out of the brain and join together to make the spinal cord, which also takes messages from the body to the brain.
The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system. Ovarian cancer is cancer that develops in the ovaries. It is one of the most common types of cancer in women. Ovarian cancer is more common in women over Pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is cancer that develops in the pancreas. Penile cancer. Penile cancer cancer of the penis is rare.
There are approximately new cases in the UK every year. It is more common in men aged between 50 and Prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in men and is more likely to affect men over It develops in the prostate, a small gland in the pelvis. Pseudomyxoma peritonei PMP. Pseudomyxoma peritonei PMP usually begins as a slow-growing tumour in the appendix. Occasionally, it can start in other parts of the bowel, ovary or bladder.
Salivary gland cancer. Cancer that starts in the salivary glands is very rare. The salivary glands are the glands in the mouth and throat that make spit. A schwannoma is a tumour that starts in the nerve sheath. This is the tissue that covers the nerves. Secondary cancers metastases. Skin cancer. There are three main types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma.
This section covers basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Soft tissue sarcomas. Soft tissue sarcomas are cancers that develop from cells in the soft, supporting tissues of the body.
They are a rare type of cancer. Spinal cord tumours. Several types of tumour can develop in the spinal cord and not all of these are malignant cancerous. Squamous cell carcinoma. Stomach cancer. There are different types of stomach cancer. This section is about adenocarcinoma, the most common type of stomach cancer. Testicular cancer. Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicle. Thymoma and thymic carcinoma. Cancer of the thymus gland is usually thymoma or thymic carcinoma.
Thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer is cancer that develops in the thyroid. The thyroid is a small gland in the front of the neck just below the voicebox larynx. Tracheal - windpipe carcinoma. Tracheal cancer is cancer that develops in the trachea.
The trachea windpipe is the tube that connects your mouth and nose to your lungs. Unknown primary cancer. Vaginal cancer. Vulval cancer. Vulval cancer can occur on any part of the external female sex organs.
Cancer of the vulva is rare. Womb - uterus cancer. Womb cancer affects the female reproductive system. It is also called endometrial cancer. Types of cancer By no means a single disease with a single treatment, there are over types of cancer. Anal cancer Cancer that starts in the anus is rare, with only about 1, new cases in the UK every year.
Bile duct cancer Bile duct cancer cholangiocarcinoma is rare. Bladder cancer Every year, there are about 10, new cases of bladder cancer in the UK.
Bone cancer Bone cancers can start in the bone primary or can start elsewhere in the body and spread to the bones secondary. Secondary bone cancer Secondary bone cancer occurs when cancer cells spread to the bone. Bowel cancer Bowel cancer is also called colorectal cancer, or cancer of the colon or rectum. Brain tumours Brain tumours can be either cancerous malignant or non-cancerous benign. Secondary brain tumours Secondary brain tumours occur when cancer cells spread to the brain from a cancer that started in another part of the body.
Breast cancer in women Breast cancer is more common in women aged 50 and over, but it can also affect younger women. Breast cancer in men Breast cancer in men is rare, although it is possible.
Breast cancer - secondary Secondary breast cancer is cancer that starts in the breast and then spreads to other parts of the body. Carcinoid tumours Carcinoid tumours affect the neuroendocrine system. Cervical cancer Cervical cancer develops in a woman's cervix the entrance to the womb from the vagina.
Colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer is cancer that develops in the bowel. Ear cancer If cancer starts in the ear, this is ear cancer. Endocrine tumours The endocrine system produces hormones — chemicals that control many bodily functions. Eye cancer Cancer that starts in the eye is rare. Gall bladder cancer Gall bladder cancer is rare. Gastro oesophageal junction cancer Gastro oesophageal junction cancer.
Germ cell tumours Germ cells develop in egg cells and sperm cells. Gullet - Oesophagus cancer Oesophageal cancer affects the gullet — the tube that takes food from the throat to the stomach. Kidney cancer With kidney cancer, usually only one kidney is affected, and it's rare for cancer to affect the other kidney. Laryngeal cancer Around 2, people in the UK are diagnosed with cancer of the larynx every year.
Leukaemia There are a number of different types of leukaemia. Liver cancer Liver cancer is a rare type of cancer which starts in the liver. Liver cancer - secondary Secondary liver cancer is where cancer spreads to the liver from another part of the body. Lung cancer There are a number of different types of lung cancer. Cancer Screening Overview. Screening Tests. Diagnosis and Staging.
Questions to Ask about Your Diagnosis. Types of Cancer Treatment. Side Effects of Cancer Treatment. Clinical Trials Information. A to Z List of Cancer Drugs. Questions to Ask about Your Treatment. Feelings and Cancer. Adjusting to Cancer. Day-to-Day Life.
Support for Caregivers. Questions to Ask About Cancer. Choices for Care. Talking about Your Advanced Cancer. Planning for Advanced Cancer. Advanced Cancer and Caregivers. Questions to Ask about Advanced Cancer. Managing Cancer Care. Finding Health Care Services. Advance Directives. Using Trusted Resources. Coronavirus Information for Patients. Clinical Trials during Coronavirus.
Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer. Emotional Support for Young People with Cancer. Cancers by Body Location. Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment.
Pediatric Supportive Care. Rare Cancers of Childhood Treatment. Childhood Cancer Genomics. Study Findings. Metastatic Cancer Research. Intramural Research. Extramural Research. Cancer Research Workforce.
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