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Home Books Vander's Renal Physiology, 8e. Previous Chapter. Next Chapter. Eaton D. Douglas C. Eaton, and John P. Vander's Renal Physiology, 8e. McGraw Hill; Accessed November 12, APA Citation Regulation of potassium balance. McGraw Hill. Download citation file: RIS Zotero. Reference Manager. Autosuggest Results. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual. Username Error: Please enter User Name.
Password Error: Please enter Password. Forgot Password? Pop-up div Successfully Displayed This div only appears when the trigger link is hovered over. Please Wait. K is the major ion determining the resting membrane electrical potential, which in turn, limits and opposes K efflux. Thus changes in K concentrations particularly in the ECF have marked effects on cell excitability heart, brain, nerve,muscle. K is the mayor intracellular osmotically active cation and participates in cell intracellular volume regulation exits with Cl when cells swell.
A constant cell K concentration is critical for enzyme activities and for cell division and growth. Intracellular K participates in acid base regulation through exchange for extracellular H and by influencing the rate of renal ammonium production. Regulation of extracellular K is by tissue buffering uptake of K excess and by slower renal excretion. Buffering of ECF K through cell K uptake is impaired in the absence of aldosterone or of insulin or of catecholamines.
When cells die, they release their very high K content to the ECF. In normal function, renal K excretion balances most of the K intake about 1. Along the proximal tubule the K concentration remains nearly equal to that in plasma. This reabsorption is mostly passive and is driven by the positive tubule electrical potential present along the S2 and S3 segments and by paracellular solvent drag.
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